Linux Shell, Environment Variables, PATH, Alias & Package Management – Full Quiz

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This quiz contains 20 questions focused on shell variables, environment variables, PATH configuration, aliases, and Linux package management. These concepts are heavily used by DevOps engineers in daily operations.

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Which variable is accessible only within the current shell session?

Shell variable

Environment variable

PATH variable

Global variable

Shell variables are local to the current shell instance and are not inherited by child processes.

#

Which command creates an environment variable?

set VAR=value

export VAR=value

env VAR=value

define VAR=value

The export command promotes a shell variable to an environment variable, making it available to child processes.

#

Which command displays all environment variables?

env

echo

print

set

The env command lists all the current environment variables.

#

Which command displays a specific environment variable?

env VAR

echo $VAR

show VAR

print VAR

To view the value of a specific variable, use echo followed by the variable name prefixed with $.

#

Which environment variable defines where Linux searches for commands?

HOME

SHELL

PATH

USER

The PATH variable contains a colon-separated list of directories where the shell looks for executable files.

#

Which command displays the current PATH?

env PATH

echo $PATH

print PATH

show PATH

echo $PATH prints the contents of the PATH environment variable.

#

Why can most Linux commands be executed from any directory?

Because of root access

Because command paths are listed in PATH

Because of aliases

Because of permissions

Commands like ls and cp are stored in directories (like /bin or /usr/bin) that are included in the PATH variable.

#

Which command gives execute permission to a script?

chmod 644 script.sh

chmod +x script.sh

chmod 600 script.sh

chmod 777 script.sh

chmod +x adds the execute permission to the file, allowing it to be run as a program.

#

Why does ./script.sh work but script.sh fails?

Script is not executable

PATH does not include current directory

Current directory is not in PATH

Script is missing shebang

By default, the current directory (.) is not in the PATH for security reasons, so you must specify the path explicitly (e.g., ./).

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Which file is executed when a new terminal session starts?

/etc/profile

~/.bashrc

~/.bash_history

~/.profile

~/.bashrc is a script that runs whenever you start a new interactive shell session (like opening a new terminal window).

#

Which file is used to persist aliases and environment variables?

~/.bash_history

~/.bashrc

~/.vimrc

/etc/passwd

Adding aliases or export commands to ~/.bashrc ensures they are available in every new shell session.

#

Which command creates a shortcut command?

export

set

alias

shortcut

The alias command allows you to define a shortcut or abbreviation for a longer command.

#

Which command removes an alias?

alias -d

unalias

delalias

removealias

The unalias command removes a previously defined alias.

#

Which package manager is used in RHEL / CentOS / Oracle Linux?

apt

yum

apk

dnf

yum (or dnf in newer versions) is the standard package manager for Red Hat-based distributions.

#

Which package manager is used in Ubuntu / Debian?

apt

yum

apk

rpm

apt (Advanced Package Tool) is the package management system used by Debian and its derivatives like Ubuntu.

#

Which package manager is used in Alpine Linux?

yum

apt

apk

pacman

apk (Alpine Package Keeper) is the lightweight package manager for Alpine Linux.

#

Which command installs a package using yum?

yum remove tree

yum install tree

yum add tree

yum get tree

yum install <package_name> is the command to download and install a package.

#

Which command removes a package using apt?

apt delete tree

apt remove tree

apt uninstall tree

apt clean tree

apt remove <package_name> uninstalls the package but typically leaves configuration files.

#

Which command checks if a package command exists?

locate

which

where

find

which searches the PATH for the executable file associated with the given command name.

#

Which file interpreter is defined by the shebang?

PATH

!/bin/bash

alias

export

The shebang #!/bin/bash at the top of a script tells the system to execute the file using the Bash shell.

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